Lathe



Filed July '7, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet 1 C. E. REED LATHE sept. 11, 192 a Filegi July '7, 1923 11 sheets-sheet 2 c. E. REED sept. 11, lsza LATHE Filed VJuly v, i925v 11 Sheets-Sheet 3 mv WW Wm .Q

' 1,684,072 c. E. REE? sept. 11,1928,

LATHE Filled July-'1. 192:5 11 sheets-'snelst 5 sept, 1'1, ma l v1,684,012

C. E. REED LATHE Filed July '7, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet.v 6

I c. E. REED sept. 11, 1928.

LATHE K 11 Sheets-Sheet l0 Filed July '7, 1925 1 l A ,17 u l| 1 Patented Sept. 11,1928.

STATES CHARLES n. REED, on MCHENR'Y frownsnr, MCHENRY COUNTY, ILLVINoIs.

LATHE.

Application filed July 7,

My invention relates, more particularly, to copying lathes which operate automatically to form an object, as, for example, awood blank, into the same shape as a preformed pattern, though my :invention is not limited, as to certain phases thereof, to so-called'copying lathes. v i One of my objects is to provide,in a copying lathe for the manufacture of shoe lasts especially of the type employing a swing frame on which the pattern and the work are rotatably mounted and the frame oscillates by virtue of the rotation of the pattern against a stationary pattern follower, for the production of accurate right and left lasts, whether graded or otherwise, by the reversal of rotation of the pattern and the yworlnthe right-hand last being made by rotating the pattern in the same direction as the work, and the left-hand last being made by rotating the pattern in the opposite direction to the rotation of the work. f

Another object is to provide an improved construction of reverse gear mechanism wherein shifting of the gears is avoided, for use more especially in connection with a copying lathe provided for the manufacture of right and left lasts from a. single pattern.

Another object is to provide in a copying lathe of the swine' frame t f )e for theexertion of the pattern against the pattern follower with a substantially uniform and constant force, regardless of the angle to which the swinging fra-me extends in the. oscillating movements of the latter. l

Another object is to provide ina copying lathe, especially for the production of lasts of di'tl'crent sizes from a single pattern, a scale so loca-ted and co-related to relatively movable parts of the grading mecahnism, that the parts of the grading mechanism may be accurately' set to correct errors which would otherwise occur in the use of the maf chine Yfor making lasts -of dilferent shapes and whereby once an adjustment is made for a givenV shape of last, the adjustment may be maintained regardless of the conditioning of the machine for producing lasts of different lengths. Y

Another object is to provide a lathe dog which shall be adapted for use in connection y with different shapesof heels, in the turning of lasts; and other objects as will be manifest from the following description.

Another object is to. provide against re- 1923. Serial No. 650,194. l Y

bounding of the swinging frame even when the machine is operated at relatively rhigh speed. Y i

lt may be stated,v in connection with the above-recited advantage presented by my improvements in the manufacture of right and left hand lasts from a single patterinby reversing the rotation of the patternand work, that as ymachines have hitherto been constructed it is impossible to produce a last reversed as to form as compared with the pattern, as, for example, a'left-hand last from a right-hand pattern, or vice versa, `due to the fact that upon the reversal of the mechanism a certain amount of twist develops which produces an undesirable f variation between the pattern and the last, 4this objectionable twist being avoided, and the rights and lefts produced being exactly the `same except they are reversed, by employing my improve-v ments. Y

Y Referring tothe accompanying drawings,V` 'in which'l have illustrated my invention as embodied in a copying 'lathe for 'producing lasts in conformance with a pattern, with the lasts graded in size asfdesired: l

Figure l is a view in front elevation of the said machine. Fig. la is a broken sectional. View of a portion of one of the grading levers. Figure 2 is an end view thereof, viewing the machine from the right hand end in Fig. l. Figure 3 is plan view lof the machine with the upper works thereof shown'in` section and the swinging frame removed. -Figure 4: is an enlarged section taken at the line 2 4 on Fig. l and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure v5 is `an enlarged 'section take-n at the linee-5 on Fig. 3 and viewed in the direction ofthe arrows. Figure G is an enlarged section taken at the line'G-G on Fig.

L and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 7 is an enlarged section taken at the line 7-7 on Fig. 4 and viewed in' the direction ofthe arrows.- Figure 8 is an enlarged section taken at the line. 8 8 on Figl 3 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 9 is a sec-tion taken at the line 9`-9 on Fig. 8 and viewedin the direction ofthe arrows. Figure 9 is a brolren view infront elevation of the finishing cutters, the View being taken atthe line 9-9` in Fig. 9 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure l0 is an enlarged frontview of a detail of the-machine showing mechanism whereby thefeed for the pattern follower and cutting ico mechanism is yautomatically arrested upon (he conclusion of the cutting operation. Figure 11 is a broken plan view of a detail of the adjustable connection between the relatively adjustable sections of the carriage on which the patt-ern follower and cut-ting mechanism are mounted and which adjustinent is brought into play in the setting of the machine fer the production of dilferent shapes of lasts.

Figure 12 is an enlarged section taken at the line 12 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 13 isa section taken at the' irregular line 13-13 on Fig. 12 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 14 is a section taken at the line 14-1'4 on Fig. 13 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 15 is a section taken at the' line 15 on Fig. 13 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Figure 16 is a view in vertical sectional elevation of the tail stock for the pattern. Figure 17 is asimilar view of the tail stock for the last, showing the manner of supporting the same in adjust-ed position. Figure 13 is a view in elevation of the portion of the machine at which the mechanism for automatically stopping the driving means for the mechanism which rotates the pattern and last is located, the view being av rear view of that part of the machine which is located at the right i hand side of Fig. 1. Figure 19 is a view in the nature of a diagram illustrating the contour of the cutproduced by the cutting mechanism. Figure 20 yis a View in the nature of a diagram of a portion of a pattern and a last being formed toshape, together with pattern follower and one of the cutters, these several parts being shown in the relative positions theyy occupy vin the operation of the machine and illustrating the provision of the pattern follower of such cross-sectional contour, where it engages the pattern, as to correspond with the contour of the cut produced by the cutting mechanism. Figure 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the similar cutters employed. Figure 22 is `a broken section in verticalV elevation of the swing frame and dri ving mechanism therefor at the left-hand end of Fig. 1 and Figure 23, a fragmentary view in end elevation of the machine. y

The particular illustrated construction of machine comprises a frame 25 provided adjacent its rear side with a guide-way 26 extending longitudinally thereof, and adjacent its front side lwith upwardly-extending parallel guide-ways 27 and 28 arranged in overlapping relation as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the frame being provided at its opposite ends above these guide meansy with lupwaidly-extending standards 29 havinglforwardly-curved extremities and brace members 30. Mounted o n the guide-ways 2G and 27 is 'a slide v31 which lcarries the cutting mechanism hereinafter described, this slide being adapted for movement lengthwise of the machine; and mount ed on the guide-ways 26 and 23 is a slide 32 likewise movable in a direction lengthwise of the machine. The slide 32 is provided with guides, extending crosswise of the machine, on which a slide 33 is mounted to be movable longitudinally thereon, this last-referred-to slide carrying the pattern follower hereinafter described.v

rhe pattern, which is in the form of a last, represented at 34, andthe wood blank from which a lastis te be formed, and represented at 35, are rotatably supported in a swinging frame 3Gv journaled at the upper ends of its side arms 37 on the frame standards 29 at hollow trunnions 29?(Fig. 22) secured in the upper ends of the standards 29, ball bearings 291 being confined between these trunnions and the journal portions of the frames 36. yll`he trunnions 29u form journals for a shaft 38 extending therethrough and carrying the stepped pulleys 39 through the medium of which it is driven to rotate the last 34, and work 35, as hereinafter described, by belt-connection 40 with other belt pulleys 41 secured to a drive-shaft 42, which latter is driven by a motor represented at 43. The pattern 34 and blank 35, rotated in unison on the frame36 by mechanism hereinafter described, cooperate with the pattern-follower and cutting mechanism hereinbefore referred to, the pattern 34 bearing against the pattern-follower at all times, whereby in the rotationof the pattern the frame is caused to oscillate by virtue ofthe rotation of the pattern against the follower, yto the end that the blank 35 will, in its rotation, be cut to present the vsame form as the pattern, the patternfollower and cutting mechanism being graduallymoved in a direction lengthwise of the pattern and work toproduce the desired feed.

To effect simultaneous movement of the slides 31 and 32 in a direction lengthwise of the machine, namely, Vto the left in Fig. 1, during the operation of producing a last, and to cause, under the control of the operator, a last to beJformed of the exact size of the pattern-last 34, or of a greater or less length', as desired, the slide 31 (Fig. 3) has pivotally connected therewith, as indicated at 44 (Fig. 11), a bar 45 formed of tlatwise-opposed barsections 46 and 47 which are relatively longitudinally adjustable to vary the eiijective length of the bar 45, thesection 46 to this .end being provided lwith a fork-section 48 in which the bar-section 47' is slidably adjustable; and the overlapping ends of the sections 46 and 47 are surrounded byva clamp 49 havling a set-screw 50 for holding these bar-sections in adjusted position, the bar-section 47 lll) being shown as provided with a scale 51 co- Y operating with a pointer 52on the section 46 for a purpose hereinafter described. y The end of Lthe bar opposite that at which it upper end of a rack bar d slidable up andv down in a bar slotted at its lower end, Yas

indicated at 56, through which slotthe pivotj il l.)

ing stud 57 oit a clamping-device 58 carried by a stationary bar, and slidable up and down on the latter, extends, the bar 59 being rigidly connected at its opposite ends with the traine or' the machine, as shown, and presenting a scale 60 on its iront lace. The bar 55 is pivotally supported on the slide 32 through the medium of a pivot 55a and carries a gear case 62 containing a pinion 62u which` meshes with the teeth 63 on the rack bar 5d, the pinion ret'erred to being rigidly secured to a shaft 61 journaled in the gear case 62 and provided with va crank-handle 6sithrough the medium or' -which the pinion maybe rotated to adjust the bar 5st lengthwise et the bar 55.y 'lhe arrangement whereby the slides 31 and 32 areconnected together, as stated, except it'or the Yscale 51 and the particular means shown for adjusting the bar 5d, is that commonly provided in last-grading machines, as hitherto constructed, it being under ood that by varying theielatively movable niembers forming the connecting mechanism described, tlie slides 31 and 32 may be moved at the saine speed for the production of a last of the same length as the pattern, or at ditferent speeds, to produce longer or shorter lasts, as desired.

rlhe machine shown is provided with means, as commonly provided in machines of this type, for causing the last to be oit the same cross-sectional shape and width as the pattern, or graded to produce ditlerent widths, either smaller or larger than the pattern, the means shown for this purpose comprising a plate 65V 4) provided with trunnions 66 at its opposite ends, and between its upper and lower edges, at which it is supported on the frame of the machine to rock upon a horizontal axis, the plate 65 being provided with `an upwardly-extending arm 67 pivotally connected with the rear end o'l a rod 63, as represented at 69, through the medium of a clamp 70 carrying this pivot and adjustable up and down onthe arm 67, the forward end of the rod 63 being pivo'tally connected with the swinging `trame 36, as represented at 71. The plate v65 is provided tor cooperation` with the rear end oi the slide 33, the point of engagement between these parts being at a plat-e 72 extending rear wardly from the slide 33 (Fig. l) and mounted in a block 7 3 vertically adjustableon theV slide 33. The block 73 .has threaded engage-ment with a vertically-disposed sli-attv 71 kcarrying a bevel gear 7 5 meshing with a bevel gear 7 6 provided on a shaft 77 carrying aV crank handle 7 3 at its front end through the medium oit which the shaft 7 7- may be rotated to raise or lower the block 73 as desired.

rlllie slide 33 is caused tobear at the plate 72, at all times, against the front tace et tl e plate 65, through the medium ot av spring 79 l whichis connected at its forward end Awith a studSO on the slide 33, and at its rear end. with a stud 81 on the slide rl'he esciilatory movements of the swinging frame 36 produced by the rotation of the pattern 3e against the follower operate to rock the plate 65. VVilien the block 73 is adjusted to vthe position shown in Fig. il wherein it coincides with the axes or' the truiinions 66, no move inentot the slidef33 occurs, but it the block 73 is adjusted either above or below the axes of these trunnions, the slide will be given a movement responsive to the rocking mo ve ments of the plate 65. if the adjustment o'l' the block is above the axes, itwill cause the vidth ot the last produced to be' greater than the width of the pattern-last 3%, and it the block 7 3 extends below the axes it will produce a last oit less width than the pattern last, the block 73 being provided with a pointer 73@l cooperating with a scale 33L to determine the position to which the shalit 77 should be rotated for producing the width ei' last desired.

The mechanism for supporting, and siinulA taneously rotating, thev pat-tern last3f-l and the blank 35, at the saine speed, comprises a bevel gear 82 (Fig. 1) carried on one end or' the shaft 33 and meshing withy the bevel gear 83' provided on a. shaft 3l journaled in a bracket 35 provided on one ot' the traine sides 25, the shaft 34 being connected with the upper end oit a shaft 36, through the inediuin of a universal joint 37, t'ulcrum point of this joint being centered with .the axis of the shaift. 33. rllhe lower end oi' the shaft 86 is journaled in a bearing 88 eXtending from a gear case S9 mounted on the lower end of one oit' theV traine sides 37, the lower end of the shaft 83 carrying a bevel gear (not shown) meshing with a bevel gear (not shown) secured to a shaft 90 (Figs. 12 and 13) ournaled in a bearing 91 eiztendin g from the gear case 89, in which'gear-case the bevel gears last referred to are located. i

The shalt 90 extends through a gear-case 92 and carries a spiral gear 93 located in said case and .meshingwith a spiral gear 9st located in said case and carried by a shaft 95 which extends lengthwise of the frame land is journaled in a gear-case 96 secured to a cross-piece 97 ot the frame 36, this shaft carrying a gear 93 located in the case 96 and 'meshing with a gear 99 (Fig. 4L) also located in this case and rigidly secured to the head-stock spindle 100 ig. 1) between. which and a tail-stock spindle 101 the blank 35 extends, and by which the blank is held. The gear EL3-which vonly partially overlaps the periphery or the gear 94, meshes with a spirall gear 102 journaled on a shaft 103 (Fig. 13) rotatably mounted inthe gear-case 92, the shaft 103 also carrying a spiral gear 104: ournaled thereon meshing with the gear 94C. Located between the gears 102 and 101 and splined on the shatt 103, as represented at 105, is a cliitcli-clisk 106 (Figs. 12, 13 and 15) provided with a series et pins 107 rigidly secured therein each to extend beyond the opposite faces ot the disk, these pins, which are grouped about the axis ot the disk, being nonequidistantly spaced apart and adapted to enter Correspondingiy-disposed openings 108 and 109 in the sides ot the gears 102 and 1041. The parts just described are Vso proportioned and arranged that when the clutch-disk 106 which, it will be understood, rotates with the shaft 103, is in clutching engagement with one of the gears 102 and 104, it is unclutched 'from the other thereof and vice versa, this construction permitting of the driving ot' the shaft 103 trom the gear 03 and 102 tor rotating it in the same direction as the shaft 95, or driving it trom the gears 03, 011 and 10d for rotating the shaft 103 reversely to the direction of-rotation Foi" the slia'tt 95. The clutch-disk y 106 is shown as .preferably grooved, as represented at 110, to receive a yokeshaped shitting` device 111 mounted on a rod 112 lengthwise slida-bie in the gear case 92.

The reversing gear provided, as stated, permits ot the use of inclined-tooth gears for the transmitting ot powery to the spindles of the head-stocks, which is very desirable where highly synchronized action et rotatable elements, as, for enainple, in a copying lathe, is desired, it being noted that this reversing vmechanism does not involve any shitting ot gears, which is impossible in the case of inclined-tooth gears, but merely involves the shitting ot clutch mechanism.

As will be understood from the foregoing, the reverse gear is provided tor the purpose oi adapting` the machine tor the making ot bothright and lett hand lasts trom a single pattern, without requiring that the 'latter be disturbed, merely by causing the pattern 341 to rotate in one direction or the other, depending upon whether a right or lett hand last is to be made. 1n this connection the feature ot providing` the universal joint 37 centered relative to the shatt 3S as stated and thus concentric with the pivoted support tor the swinging iframe 36, is ol great importance, inasmuch as the moven'ient ot the driving mechanism for the head-stocks ot the pattern and blank is neither accelerated to a material. degree nor decelerated in the swinging of the frame 36, as distinguished from prior structures wherein the drive is so constructed that when the trame is swung it produces material deceleration or acceleration of the head-stockdriving mechanism and causes such material di'tlerential movement. ot the head-stocks as to result in the production ott a twisted last. 1n `this connection it maybe stated that while the speed oit the pattern'and work rotating mechanism is accelerated or decelerated in the'Y enter the heel portion ot the pattern 34 and through the medium ol which the pattern is rotated. Thetrdog relerred to involves a sleeve-like body member 113 containing a tapering socket 114C at which` it tits over, and is keyed to, the spindle with whichit cooperates, the sleeve 11.3 containing a slot 115 in its outer end into which the dog-proper 116 ot the device extends and in which it is piv'- otally supportedby means ol a pin 117 carried by the sleeve 113. The outer end ot the dog is provided with'teeth 118 curved,-asrep resented, and the inner end of the dog is provided with the converging Jfaces -119 which oppose adjusting screws 120'threadecl in the sleeve 113. The purpose of providing the pivoted dog member 116 is to adapt 'it tocontormingly tit, at its toothed port-ion, against the heel portion of the pattern, regardless ot variations in the curvature of this portion of the pattern, in order that the pat-tern may be properly alined in the machine.

The tail-stock 101, tor the blank 35, `which is adjustable toward' and away from the headstock spindle 100, comprises a slide block 121 (Fig. 17) mounted, to slide lengthwise of the trame 36,- between the upper and lower front parallel bars 122 and 123 there-` ot which are provided with upwardly and downwardly extending vrack-portions 124 and 125, respectively (Fig. 17),`arr`anged in pairs spaced apart. The slide block 121 is provided at its upper end with an upwardlyextending threaded stud 126 which'extends upwardly between the pair of racks 1211 and carries a plate 127 slidable up and down thereon and provided at its opposite ends with depending lugs 128 adapted tointermesh, as shown in Fig. 17,- with the teeth of both racks 124. The plate 127 contains downwardly-opening recesses 129 at opposite sides otl the stud 126, inY which coilsprings 130, bearing against the upper surta-ces ot the slide block 121 extend, these springs tending to raise the block 127 out of engagement with the teeth of the rack 1211. The upper' eind ot the stud 126 is provided with a nut 131 by which the plate` 127 may be rigidly clamped in intermesh with the rack portions 124. A similar locking means is provided at the bottom ofthe slide block 121 for intermesh with the rack portions 125, these parts being given the same numerals as those applied to the mechanism just described. It will be understood from the foregoing that the slide block 121 may be adjusted, along the frame 36 to different positions thereon, as desired, and scour-ely held against displacement thereon by the locking means referred to. The tailstock for the work also comprises a longitudinally movable vbar 132 located in a guide-way 133 in the slide block 121, this bar being provided with `rack 134 which meshes with a gear 135 carried by a shaft 136 terminating in a handle 137 lirougli the medium of which it may be turned for adjusting the bar 132 into different positions lengthwise thereof. The outer end ofthe bar 132 contains a socket 138 in which the rotary spindle 139 of the tail-stock is rotatably mounted, this spindle being surrounded by a bushing 140 tapered at -its forward end, as indicated at 141, at which portion it opposes the tapered'collar 142 screwed into the open end of the socket 138 for holding the bushing in place. The spindle 139 is held against withdrawal from the socket, by means of a `screw 143 extending into ari-opening in the wall of the socket 138 and projecting through an opening 144 in the bushing, into a peripheral groove 145 in the spindle 139, the rear end of this spindle, provided with Vthe oil passages 146, bearing against apertured thrust discs 147 in the base of the socket 138 and'communicating with an oil passage 148. The outer extremity ofthe spindle 139 is preferably toothed, as represented at'149, to provide t-hedesired interlocking engagement thereof with the toe end of the blank. inasmuch as the blanks from which the lasts ar-e made are formed of relatively hard wood, a relatively great squeezing force is requiredito be exerted byk the head and tail-stocks against the ends of the blank in order to properly embed therein the parts which interlock the blank with the head-stock-spindle to secure a positive drive of the blank, without lost'inotion, it being noted that by the construction just described the desired force for accomplishing the purpose just stated may be effected, inasmuch as the body of the tail-stock, while adjustable, is held rigidly against displacement and great force may be exerted against the spindle 139 through the rac-k an d gear mechanism 134, 135, to shift the spindle tothe left in Figs. 1 and 17. Y

rl`he tail-stock for the pattern last 3 4 is formed of a slide block 150 located between the bars 122 and 123 of the frame 36 and preferably provided with mechanism, such as that provided in connection with the tailstoer for the blank andfhereinbefore debed, for holding the slide=block 150 in #ated position vlen gthwiseof the frame 36. The tail-stock newbeingdescribed also Lcoinprises 'in esternally-threaded member 151 2421) which has tlireaded engagement withthe threadedopening 152 provided in the slide block 150, the member 151 containing the rotatable spindle 153 for engaging the toe portion fof the pattern last 34, the means for rotatably mounting the spindle and preventing displacement of the latter in the member 151, being the. same as those de-A positioned that the condition above stated exists, the shaft being preferably formed" of two alining shaft sections'couple'd together by a coupling Comprising a sleeve-like portion 154 keyed, as represented at 155 (Fig. 13) to the portion of this shaft which is connected with the gear 98 F ig. 4), a set-screw 156 securing the sleeve 154 against movement relative to this shaft section. The coupling also comprises 'a collar 157 keyed to the other tively adjustable about their axes, to permit of the relative adjustment of the shaft sec--y tions about their axes, the means shown coinprising a series of screws'159 which extend at their threaded endsY through arc-shaped slots 16() in the collar 157 and screw into openings 161 in the flanged portion 162 of the sleeve 154, it being understood from the foregoing that upon loosening the screws 159 the sections of the collar may be relatively turned with the shaft sections with which they are connected, and these parts beheld in relatively adjusted position bythe screws 159.

The swinging frame 36 extends, at all times, during the cutting operation, in forwardly-swungfposition or, in other words, to the left of the aXis of the pivoting shaft 38, in Fig- 2, whereby the pattern 34 is held at all times, in the operation ofthe machine,

A169 journaled inthen frame 'of the machine. The levers 168 are pivotally connected-betweentheir ends, at-163,.with levers164, piv- Y otally connectedV at 165, with levers 300 lixed on a shaft 301 `journaled in the frame of the machine` the'outer ends of the levers 30() being weighted indicated at 302, and the pivotal connections 165 being at points ybetween f the shaft 301 and the weighted ends of these l The fraisne 36 is connected at oppthe/rent with the apps ntf y ...al .s

section of the shaft 95, as represented at 158. The coupling sections 154 and 157 are rela-- 303 the rear ends of which are connected with the 'forward ends of belts 301. which extend over pulleys 305 fixed on a` shaft 30G journaled on the frame of the machine and provided with a sprocket 307 connected by a sprocketchain r308 with a sprocket 309'secured to the shaft 4t2, the shaft 306 being` thereby rotated in clockwise direction in Fig. 2. The belts 303 extend from the pulleys 3,05 to pulleys 311 rotatably mounted on shaft 301, and are provided at their free ends with weights 310.

The weighted belt-devices described, by reason of the constantly rotating shaft 308, operate to exert against the swinging frame 36,`at all times, a substantially uniform force in a direction to swing the `frame in counterclockwise direction in Fig. 2 and serve to exert a snubbing action on the frame, preventing rebounding of the latter away from pattern-follower and the cut-ting` mechanism.

The part 302 is sufiiciently heavy to counterbalance the frame 36 in its diil'erent angular positions but not substantially' greater or' less than such amount the lever mechanism connected 4with the swinging frame and above described ser-ving to cause the pattern to bear against the pattern-follower under substantially the same pressureat all times, namely, regardless of the position occupied by the frame 36, it being noted that there is provided between the frame and. the levers 300a system ofconipound levers, whereby while the frame 36 swings through only a relatively small arc the vlevers 30() swing through relatively large arcs, in the construetion shown through arcs of substantially o, which insures practically perfect counterbal ancing of the frame 36 in all of the positions to which it moves in the work-cutting operation.

The cutting mechanism of the machine, hereinbefore referred to, comprises, generally stated (Fig. 3), a :so-called roughing cutter, represen-ted at 172, and a finishing cutter, represented generally at 173. The roughing cutter 172, in accordance with roughing cutters as commonly provided in this general type of machine, comprises a series of flatwise-disposed cutter elements 1741 of successively increasing diameter, with the teeth of f adjacent elements staggered, as shown in Fig.

8, these elements being rigidly mounted on a shaft journaled in a gear case 176 rotatably supported on a drive shaft 177 shown as the armature Shaft of a motor 178 rigidly se'- cured to 'the slide 31, the shaft 177 carrying a gear 179 which meshes at all times with a gear 18@ carried on the shaft 175. The nishing cut-ter 173 comprises a pair of hollow cut-- ters 181 pivotally supported at 182- on oppo" sitely-extending' ears 183 providedV on the outer end of a shaft 18s jouinaled in uprights 185 provided on theslide 31 between which the gear case 176 .is located, the shaft 184 extending through arc-shaped slots 186 in the gear case17 6, and carrying a gear 187 which meshes at all times with the gear 179, it being understood from the foregoing that the gear connections between the drive-shaft 177 and the shafts 175 and 184 operate to drive these shafts simultaneously in the saine direction, the gear 187 by preference being of smaller diameter than the gear whereby the shaft 1,8-1 is driven at a. greater speed than the shaft 1r 5.

The gear-case 176 and shaft 175 are adjustable into differentpositions on the shaft 177 tovary the positions of the roughing and finishing cutters relative to the work, to regulate l the depth of the cut produced by the roughing cutters, the case 17.8 being provided with a lug 176 carrying a cross-shaft- 1761 extends ing at its ends in arc-sliaped slots in the uprights 185 and provided with nuts (not shown) bearing against the outer faces of the upriglits 185 for holding the gear-case 176 in adjusted position. i

rlhe hollow cutters 181 are each of ther saine construction, but face in opposite directions, 1

each being of general cup-shape with its open end portion of cylindrical forni, as `represhaft 184, as shown (Fig. EN), this angle, inY

thev particular illustrated machine, being about 15, whereby the shape of the cut pro f duced by the cutters 181is of elliptical contour instead of circular contour as would be produced if the axes of the cutters 181 were at right angles v'to the axis of the shaft 184. In this connection reference is made to Fig. 19 which shows a portion of the blank and diametrically a. portion of one of the cutters, and

represents, at 35a, the contour of the cut pijoduced by the cutter, assuming that the blank is pushed yagainst the cutter to produce a deep cut in the blank, it being understood that this is an exaggerated showing merely for the purpose of showing the shape of the cut with the blank and the cutter in the positions therein shown, as the finishing cutters would not cut as deeply into the blank as shown in this figure.A The arrangement justv describedA not onlyprovides adequate clearance for the roughing cutters, but also provides suiiicieut clearance for the finishing cutters even when provided in the form of cylinders, as shown and hereinbefore explained. The angularity )lul Ildl

lili! of the finishing cutters, relative to the axis I of the blank, whereby the elliptical. cut is pro-- duced, as stated, is clearly shown at the right hand side of Fig. 20, the cutter 181 therein shown being viewed in plan.

The provision of the cutter 181 yof the form shown, is of great advantage'as the same may be repeatedly sharpened Without varying the diameter of its cutting edge, and thus the contour of the cut produced is of nonvarying form.

The pattern-follower hereinbefore referred to is represented at 190, the follower being in the form of a circular body journaled on a shaft- 191 carried by the slide 33, the shaft 191 extending parallel with the Vshafts and 184. In the operation of the machine the pattern 34 bears at all times against the periphery of the pattern-follower 190, the cross-.sec-

tional shape of the periphery of which, Where it engages, the pattern, is the same as the shape of the cut produced by the cutters 181, or, 1n other Words, corresponds With the Vcontour of th-e cutting edge of the cutter 181 When'viewing it in plan, as clearly shown at the leftv hand side of Fig. 20. By so shaping the pattern follower, the cutters 181 operate to'produce alast Which is an accurate production of the pattern-last, Whether or not the machine is set forV producing graded lasts, as distinguished from a. machine wherein the crosssect-ional shape of the pattern-follower is circular, in which latter case pronounced errors in the circumferential measurements of the last Would be produced at the time of engagement of the pattern-follower with the more or less abruptly-disposed portions of the pattern.

ln the operation of the machine the patternfollower and cutting mechanism is slowly moved to the left in Figs. 1 and 3, in engagement with the pattern and blank, the mechanism shown for this purpose comprising a shaft 192 journaled in a. bearing 193 which has slight rocking movement in a vertical plane on the frame of the machine in a manner well known in the art, one end of this Shaft carrying pulleys 194 connected, yby a belt 195Witl1 pulleys 196 secured to the shaft 4:2. The other end of the shaft 192 carries a Worm 197 which meshes With a Worin Wheel 198 secured to a shaft-199 journaled on the frame of the machine, this shaft carrying a pinion 200 Which meshes With a gear 201 provided on a shaft 202 journaled on the frame of the machine and meshing with a rack depending fromA the slide 31, the parts being so constructed and `arranged that when the Worm 197 meshes `With the Worm Wheel 198, the slide 31 Will be driven from the shaft 192 to theleft in Figs. 1,v 3 and 10, andthrough the medium of the lever mechanism hereinb fore described and connecting the slide 31 withV the slide 32, the latter Will be simultaneously moved in the same direction with the slide 31, at the same speed or at a different speed therefrom, depending upon the setting of the lever mechanism. Associated with the shaft 192 is mechanism operating to automatically arrest thefeeding of the slides v31 and 32, upon the conclusion of the last-turning operation and before the cutters 181reach a position wherein they Would strikel a Apart of the machine and thereby become damaged,-

this mechanism comprising` avertically-movable har 203 slidable in a guide bar 204 rigid With the frame of the machine, the bar 203 being pivotally connected, at 205, With a learing. 206 in which the outer end of the shaft 192 is journaled. A spring 207 supported at one end, as indicated at 208, on the frame of the machine, bears at its free end against the upper end of the bar 203 and tends normally to rock the shaft 192 to a position in Which the worm 197 is out of mesh with the Worm Wheel 198,Y the bar 203 being movable up 'ardly against theaction of the spring` 207, byy a hand`lever`209 pivot-ally connected betwee its ends, as represented at` 210, toa staionary part of the machine and engaging, at a rearWardly-directed extension on one end thereof, in a recess in the side of the bar 203 (Fig. 10). Themechanism re ferred to also comprises a slide bar` 211 mounted on the frame of the machine and guidingly confined thereon for lengthwise movement in guides 212 on the frame, one end of the bar`2l1, the lefthand end in llig.v 10, carrying a block 213 adapted to berengaged by a tappet 211 carried by the slide 31. The slidebar 211 is also provided With a lateral projection 215 overlapping theupper, free, end of a leaf spring 216 rigidly rsecured at its lower end .to a stationary part of the machine, this spring tending to shiftthe bar 211 to the right in Fig. 10. The slide bar 203 contains a laterally-opening notchl 217 which,

` when the bar 203 raised to a position in which the Worm 97 meshes with the Worm Wheel 98, registers with the projection 215 which latter enters this notch, under the action of the spring 216.

rlhe operator, to set the machine forproducing the feeding movement, swings the .lever 209 in clockwise direction to raise the bar 203 to the position shown in Fig. 10, against the action of the spring 2 07, in which position the spring 210 .forces the bar 211 to the position shown in Fig. 10, the projection 215 entering the notchv 217 and holding the shaft 192 in raised position, whereby the slides 31 and 32 are fed to the left in Figs. 1 and 3. At theconclusion of the cutting operation the tappet 21a strikes the bloclr 213 and shifts the bar 21.1to the left in 10,

thereby withdrawing the projection from the notch 217 and permitting the spring 207 to force the shaft t a p sition in which the Worm 197 is out of mesh with the Wheel 198, Vwhereupon the feeding operation discontinues. It 'will be noted this connection that by providing the mechanism justdescribed no adjustment of the saine is required in the adjusting` of the niachine for producing. longer or shoiter lasts.

It is desirable in a machine of this character that the driving mechanism for the head-stocks be automatically stopped at such a point in their rotation `that the teeth on the dogs will extend in a predetermined angular position relative to their axes, preferably verI` tically, the machine shown also comprising mechanism for this purpose and involving a clutch disc 213 splined at on the shaft l2 and cooperatingv by means of clutch lu thereon, one of which represented at 220, with a sleeve 22l rotatably mounted ou the shaft 42 and rigidly connected with a worin wl eel 222 meshing with a worm 223 on the armature shaft of the motor 43, the end of the sleeve 221 adjacent the clutch sleeve 213 containing notches one of which is represented at 224:, for receiving the clutch lugs 223. rlhe arrangement is such, as described, that when the clutch is in the position shown in Fig. 13, the

sleeve 221 is disengaged from the shaft 4t2 and the shaft Zl2 is at rest, but when the clutch sleeve 218 is moved to the right in 13 to engage by means of its clutch lugs 22() with the notched portion of the sleeve 2l the shaft 4t2 is in driving 'engagement with the motor 43. The clutch sleeve 218 cooperates with a shifting lever engaging its yoke-shaped upper end 228 with the peripherally grooved portion 227 of the sleeve, this le\ er being pivoted, as indicated at 223, to a stationa y part ofthe machine and connected at its lower end with a coil spring 229 fastened to the frame of the machine and tending to force the sleeve 218 into clutching position. rChe position of the levcrv225 is controlled by a pin 230 slidably mounted in the frame of the inachine and extending into the path of movement of a.V cam 231 provided on the rear end of a bar 232 slidably support-ed .in a bracket 233 on one of the uprights29 of the machine, the cam 231 in the position of the lever as shown in Figs, 2 and 13 bearing against the outer end of the piu 230 and causing the lever 225 to be in a position in which the sleeve 218 is unclutohed from the rotating sleeve 22i. 'lll he bar 232 contains in its forward end a slot 234 extending lengthwise thereof, and into this slot extends a pin 235 provided on the outer end of a lever 236 secured to one 'end of a shaft 237 journaled in one of the side members 3'? of the swinging frame, the other end of this shaft carrying a lever 233 to the outer end of which the lower end of a link 239 pivotcd, as represented at 240, the upper end ofthis link being pivotally connected with a crankpin 241 carried by the shaft 33. rllhe member 30 of the frame of the machine carries a link 242 2) pivotally connected thereto, as represented at 243, the forward end of this` link being in the form of a hook 244-, adapted to hook over a pin en the swingi n g fran ie 3G,

this link serving to hold the swinging frame 3G in outwardly swung position when swung outwardly by the operator, in which position the pattern andv blank are out of engagement with the pattern follower and cutting mechaI far to move the pin 230 to the position shown in Fig. 13, whereupon the shaft l2 is disengaged from the motor t3 and thus the headstocks for the pattern and blank come to rest.

lWhen it is again desired to condition ther frame 3G for cooperation of the last and blank therein with the follower and cutting` mechanism, the latch lever 242 isswung upwardly to dis-engage it from the pin 245, and the operator pushes the bar 232 rearwardly to permit the spring 229 to throw in the clutch so constructed and arranged that following the outward swinging of the frame by the operator, as stated, the unclutehing ofthe shaft llf2 from 'the driving sleeve 221 will take place when the shaft 33 is in a predetermined position, a position in which the teeth on the spindies of the head-stocks are in vertical position,

ln connection with the provision of the scale 51 on the bar section 47, it maybe stated that, in the` manufacturing of graded shoe lasts, it is required that the lasts produced correspond in length with the length of ilexible sole patterns when deflected into a condition in which they conform with the curva-- ture of the bottom surfaces of the lasts, these flexible flat patterns being graded for different sizes of lasts 1n flat condition. As the lathe grades along a straight line from the toe to the heel of the last, it will be readily aliparent 'that where the curvature of the under side of the last varies, and particularly where it varies greatly, as in the case of some lasts for womens shoes, the length of the last produced by grading along the straight line, as ,suggestech will 'not produce a last of a length corresponding with the length ofv the flexible pattern of that particular grade, when deflected to conform to the curvature presentedl bythe under surface of the last, .and as the variation referred to occurs wherever the change of curvature of the under side of the last exists, itis impossible to produce the proper graded last on the machine without making certain Ycorrections in the adjustments of the machine for different lengths of lasts. Referring to Fig. 1, as hereinbefore stated, the arrangementA of the parts flf', le, and Tiflis the saine. as time lhe parts of the apparatus are leo in common use, as also the scale 60'on the member 59 and thel scale 55b on the link 55. In accordance with prior practice, the pvy oted connection 57 for the bar 55 is set on the bar 59 at a pointon the scale 60 correspond-` ing with the particular length of pattern last, and the bar 54 is slidably adjusted on the bar 55 to a point on the scale 55b corresponding to the difference in length between the pattern last and the last to be produced, the adjustment so made conditioning the machine for turning the last graded along a straight line from the extreme end of the toe to thel v extreme end of the heel.

.tern is deflected in to the curved condition corresponding with the under side of the last, the adjusting of the machine as ust described does not result in the lproduction ofia last of the desired length. Thusit is necessary that the correction above referred to be made,

and this is' done, vin accordance with prior practice, by a cut-and-try method involving the turning of a last to determine how much correction should be made and thereafter readjusting the slide 54 on thebar 55to make the correction. Inasmuch as the adjustment for error in the length of last produced has been effected between the bars 54Vand 55, which is the adjustment for the making of different lengths of lasts from a given pattern last, it is necessary', in accordance with the-prior practice referred to', to determine by a cut-and-try method the amount of correction for each different length of lastto be produced. In other words,` whenever lit is desired to produce a last graded to a different length than the one previously produced, from the same pattern last, it is necessary to determine the amount ofl correction tor bevr made by the cut-and-try method. In my improved machine, adjustment of the machine. for the error above referred to is made only once for any given shape of pattern last, regardless of the numberV of different lengths of lasts produced on a machine. Inother words, when the adjustment for error is once `made as to any particular shape of pattern last, that adjustment remains untouched'in the making of all .lengths of lasts from thissame model. it being understood, of course, that for different lengths of lasts the bar 54 would be adjusted relative to the bar inaccordance with the scale 559. yThe elimination of the cutand-try method for'making the'lcorrection as above lnoted for each different length of last, results from the provision'on one of the sections of the bar 45, of a suitable scale, shown as on the bar section 47, and a pointer marking on the other sect-ion of this bar, andthe varying of the initial adjustment of the pivot l57 in accordance with the correction to be made as indicated on the scale 51. In the useKV of the machine shown the bar 55 is adjusted on the bar 59 and the bar 54 is adjusted lonthe bar 55 as noted above, in accordance with common practice in the initial setting of the machine. A last is then turned, and the graded pattern corresponding with the length of last produced is applied to the under surface of the last to` 'liatwise contact therewith throughout its length, and the difference between the length of the last along its curved under surface from end to end and the length of the flexible sole pattern in the position in which it is applied to the last, asstated, is noted, the bar portions 46 and 47 being in such position that the pointer 52 and the zero marking on the vscale 51 are in registration, in which posi- 59 depending upon whether a longer or a shorter last is to'be produced to make the correction, to sucha point on the bar 59 that the zero marking 52 onithe bar section46 will register with that mark on the scale 51 which corresponds to the correction in length to be made, the operator then tightening the clamping pivot 57 and re-adjustingthe bar sections 46 and 47 'relative'to each other so `that the slides carrying the pattern-follower and cutting mechanism will be spaced the desired distance apart. By way of example it may be stated that the graduations on the scale 51 may be the same as those on the last-stick. Thus if the triallast produced be found to be one-half size too short, byway of example, the operator, in making the correction forr adjustment/will raise the clamping pivot 57 to such a. point that-the zero pointer 52 in Fig.`11 will register with the first half sizeY marking at thfeleft of the zero on the scale 52 in Fig. 11, and if the trial last is found to be too long, say-by one-half size, the operator, instead of adjusting the pivot 57 upwardly will adjust itv downwardly until the first half size graduation at the right of the zero of the scale 51 is inline with the Zero pointer marking v52. It will be understood, however, that A any oth er suitable markings may be provided, in place of the scale 51."A Y

y It will'be noted 'from the foregoing that inasmuch as the correction referred to isvnot made by disturbing the adjustment of the bar 54 `on the `bar 55, but is made at the pivotal connection ofthe bar 55 with the bar 59, or, in other words, the ratio Vof gradingv is changed, to establish the properV ratio of grade foi` a last, the under surface of which is of a 

